ISLAMABAD: Pakistan and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) Sunday reached a staff-level agreement on economic policies for a three-year Extended Fund Facility (EFF). Under the agreement, Pakistan will receive about US$6 billion for a period of 39 months.
Islamabad has accepted the IMF’s conditions to reduce primary deficit to 0.6 percent, granting more operational autonomy to the State Bank of Pakistan, placing flexible exchange rate, further tightening the monetary policy and hiking electricity tariff.
In its official announcement, the IMF stated on Sunday that ‘decisive policies’ and reforms together with significant external financing were necessary to reduce vulnerabilities faster, increase confidence, and put the economy back on a sustainable growthpath, with stronger private sector activity and job creation.
“Financing support from Pakistan’s international partners will be critical to support the authorities’ adjustment efforts and ensure that the medium-term programme objectives can be achieved,” the IMF stated. The forthcoming budget for FY2019/20, the IMF says, is a first critical step in the authorities’ fiscal strategy.
“The budget will aim for a primary deficit of 0.6 percent of GDP supported by tax policy revenue mobilization measures to eliminate exemptions, curtail special treatments, and improve tax administration. This will be accompanied by prudent spending growth aimed at preserving essential development spending, scaling up the Benazir Income Support Programme and improving targeted subsidies, with the goal of protecting the most vulnerable segments of society.
“The State Bank of Pakistan will focus on reducing inflation, which disproportionately affects the poor, and safeguarding financial stability. A market-determined exchange rate will help the functioning of the financial sector and contribute to a better resource allocation in the economy. The authorities are committed to strengthening the State Bank of Pakistan’s operational independence and mandate,” the IMF further said.
“An ambitious structural reform agenda will supplement economic policies to rekindle economic growth and improve living standards. Priority areas include improving the management of public enterprises, strengthening institutions and governance, continuing anti-money laundering and combating the financing of terrorism efforts, creating a more favorable business environment, and facilitating trade. To improve fiscal management the authorities will engage provincial governments on exploring options to rebalance current arrangements in the context of the forthcoming National Financial Commission (NFC),” the Fund statement added.
However, Adviser to the Prime Minister for Finance Dr Abdul Hafeez Shaikh told the state-run PTV Sunday night that Pakistan and IMF had reached staff level agreement under which the much-needed structural reforms would be undertaken that were long overdue and in the interest of the country.
Citing an example, he said the power tariff would be hiked but power users of first 300 units would be protected. In this regard, he said, the government would allocate Rs216 billion for power sector subsidies and additional Rs50 billion would be made part of it to protect electricity users of 300 units.
The allocation for safety nets programmes will be jacked up to Rs180 billion in the upcoming budget from existing allocation of Rs100 billion, he added. He said Pakistan faced a financing gap of $12 billion out of which $6 billion would be provided by the IMF, while the remaining $2 to $3 billion would be given by others donors such as WB and ADB.
According to IMF’s announcement made on Sunday the Extended Fund Facility arrangement aims to support the authorities’ strategy for stronger and more inclusive growth by reducing domestic and external imbalances, removing impediments to growth, increasing transparency, and strengthening social spending.
In response to a request by the Pakistani authorities, an International Monetary Fund (IMF) mission led by Mr. Ernesto Ramirez Rigo visited Islamabad, Pakistan from April 29 to May 11 to discuss IMF support for the authorities’ economic reform program. At the end of the visit, Mr. Ramirez Rigo made the following statement.
“The Pakistani authorities and the IMF team have reached a staff level agreement on economic policies that could be supported by a 39-month Extended Fund Arrangement (EFF) for about US$6 billion. This agreement is subject to IMF management approval and to approval by the Executive Board, subject to the timely implementation of prior actions and confirmation of international partners’ financial commitments. The programme aims to support the authorities’ strategy for stronger and more balanced growth by reducing domestic and external imbalances, improving the business environment, strengthening institutions, increasing transparency, and protecting social spending.
“Pakistan is facing a challenging economic environment, with lackluster growth, elevated inflation, high indebtedness, and a weak external position. This reflects the legacy of uneven and procyclical economic policies in recent years aiming to boost growth, but at the expense of rising vulnerabilities and lingering structural and institutional weaknesses. The authorities recognize the need to address these challenges, as well as to tackle the large informality in the economy, the low spending in human capital, and poverty. In this regard, the government has already initiated a difficult, but necessary, adjustment to stabilize the economy, including thorough support from the State Bank of Pakistan. These efforts need to be strengthened.
“The EFF aims to support the authorities’ ambitious macroeconomic and structural reform agenda during the next three years. This includes improving public finances and reducing public debt through tax policy and administrative reforms to strengthen revenue mobilization and ensure a more equal and transparent distribution of the tax burden. At the same time, a comprehensive plan for cost-recovery in the energy sectors and state-owned enterprises will help eliminate or reduce the quasi-fiscal deficit that drains scarce government resources. These efforts will create fiscal space for a substantial increase in social spending to strengthen social protection as well as in infrastructure and human capital development. The modernization of the public finance management framework will increase transparency and spending efficiency. Provinces are committed to contribute to these efforts by better aligning their fiscal objectives with those of the federal government,” it concluded.
An IMF official told this reporter that prior action was a measure agreed between the authorities and the IMF that should be implemented before an action takes place. For example, the adoption and approval of a budget that is conducive to the stabilisation objectives of the programme.
