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Friday March 29, 2024

Civilians trapped as Myanmar rebels squabble over expected China boom

By AFP
March 14, 2019

NARMAKHOR, Myanmar: With artillery exploding around her village in Myanmar´s northeast, 70-year-old Nan Nyunt fled to a monastery, one of thousands of civilians trapped between rebel groups who are fighting for influence as a China-driven economic boom looms.

"Houses were on fire and a buffalo died," she told AFP, huddled on the floor with other elderly displaced people.

She is one of several thousand forced to flee their homes, many multiple times, since fighting flared up in November in this normally peaceful area popular with tourists, who arrive by train from Mandalay to explore the hills.

"I´m still scared but I just want to go back home," she said. Swathes of Shan state, like many of the country´s restive borderlands, have been embroiled in conflict for decades.

The unrest is fiendishly complex, with a web of ethnic armed groups fighting Myanmar´s military for land, resources and autonomy.

Shan is also the hub of Myanmar´s multi-billion dollar drug trade.

Beijing, which already invests heavily in ports, pipelines, dams and mines across Myanmar, is now looking at scaling up projects in the border area of Shan. Special economic zones are planned, while a high-speed rail link and expressway are expected to bisect the country, reaching the Chinese-built port of Kyaukphyu in Rakhine State on the Bay of Bengal.

The potential riches of controlling the China-Myanmar Economic Corridor (CMEC) is a "huge factor" behind the current clashes, said Yangon-based independent analyst David Mathieson. "(It) is going to be astonishingly lucrative and they (ethnic armed groups) all want their cut," he explained. There have been cyclical attempts by Shan rebel factions to encroach on rivals´ territory, but now they are turning on each other with increased ferocity.

China is pumping investment into infrastructure schemes across the region and all the way to Europe as part of its "One Belt, One Road" project.

But Myanmar, one of Southeast Asia´s least developed countries, has a complicated relationship with investment from its northern neighbour. A Chinese-funded dam at Myitsone on the Ayeyarwady river in northern Kachin state was mothballed in 2011 after widespread protests over the environmental damage likely to be wrought while returning little to local people. But Myanmar is now under pressure to revive the scheme. If completed, the $3.6 billion project would flood an area twice the size of Singapore and displace thousands. The Kyaukphyu port also riled locals fearing Myanmar debt would pay for a project beneficial to China.