Massacre in NZ mosques ‘show blind spot on white nationalism’

The carnage unleashed in Christchurch by a white supremacist has highlighted what analysts say is the global problem of a far-right threat that frequently flies beneath the intelligence radar.

Like other extremist groups, racist ideologues have leveraged the power and reach of the internet to disseminate violent ideas, and give advice on the logistics of terror. And while not a well-defined group with a core leadership, they represent a "blind spot" for security services, says Amarnath Amarasingam, a researcher at the Institute for Strategic Dialogue.

Bridging this gap -- instead of focusing primarily on Islamist militants -- needs to be a priority.

"We’re able to -- in multiple sectors of government and policy... connect random knife attacks inspired by (the Islamic State group) to a global terrorist movement with some ease," Amarasingam wrote on Twitter after the Christchurch attack. "But we struggle to do this with white nationalism, the alt right, etc. We need to quickly rethink this blind spot."

Brenton Tarrant was steeped in a neo-fascist, anti-Muslim ideology, according to a rambling "manifesto" he posted online before the massacre of 50 people at two mosques last week. He was not on any watch lists and travelled abroad extensively.

New Zealand will "look at what all relevant agencies knew or could or should have known about the individual and his activities, including his access to weapons and whether they could have been in a position to prevent the attack," Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern said on Monday.

The probe will also look at "travel movements... his use of social media and his connection to others". While critical details and connections have yet to be discovered by investigators, the Christchurch attack has sparked a wave of questions about counter-terrorism policies against right-wing extremists.

Experts say the white nationalist movement is a cohesive one, binding together people from disparate bits of the world on a platform that preaches an imagined, racially "pure" ideal. It is one that rejects immigration, and has an often violent antipathy towards Jews, Muslims, and women.

In a 2011 article that has begun circulating on the internet since the mosque attacks, analyst Thomas Hegghammer of the Norwegian Defence Research Establishment described violent white nationalism as "a new doctrine of civilisational war". It is "the closest thing yet to a Christian version of Al Qaeda", he said. "Many forms of right-wing terrorism are international terrorism, drawing on international networks, ideas, and personalities from around the world," wrote Daniel Byman, a senior fellow at the Washington-based Brookings Institute.

"An Australian travelling to New Zealand to attack mosques is one example." Analysts say one factor that has emboldened extremists like Tarrant is the rise to power of right-wing populists and anti-immigrant parties across the world.

"The demonisation of Muslim communities, often by politicians who later act shocked and angry when violence occurs, contributes to societal polarisation and inspires violence," wrote Byman. Critics in the United States point to the anti-immigrant ethos of President Donald Trump’s "America First" rhetoric as one such example.