Eroding online freedoms

The passage of the Prevention of Electronic Crimes (Amendment) Act 2025 in the National Assembly is a deeply concerning development for digital rights and freedom of expression in Pakistan. This amendment, which criminalises so-called ‘false and fake information’ with penalties of up to three years’ imprisonment, raises serious concerns about censorship and the suppression of dissenting voices. Given the already restrictive digital landscape in Pakistan, this move could further erode fundamental rights. The vague wording of the amendment, coupled with the history of Peca being misused against journalists, activists, and political opponents, suggests a troubling trend. The formation of the Social Media Regulation and Protection Authority with sweeping powers to block or remove content without clear guidelines is particularly alarming.

Such broad and unchecked authority threatens the fundamental right to free speech and fails to meet international human rights standards. Laws that impact digital freedoms should be debated openly, with input from civil society, media, and legal experts. Instead, Pakistan’s authorities continue to tighten control over online spaces while ignoring calls for reforms that align with democratic principles. The government must engage in meaningful discussions with stakeholders to ensure that digital laws protect rather than curtail fundamental rights.

Saroj Rizwan Khan

Karachi