E-cigarettes: A proving quitting tool that still carries health risks

A new study published in the journal Addiction found that nicotine e-cigarettes are more effective for smoking cessation than traditional methods like nicotine patches or gum. Researchers at Oxford aim to lay to rest claims that evidence is mixed; their meta-analysis shows clear and consistent data supporting e-cigarettes as a successful aid for stopping smoking. A 2024 review noted that an additional 2 to 5 people out of every 100 successfully quit smoking when using e-cigarettes compared to other replacement therapies.

While not risk-free, switching from combustible tobacco to e-cigarettes significantly reduces exposure to cancer-causing chemicals. In this connection, Angela Difeng Wu, senior researcher and lecturer at the Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences at Oxford said: “We hope this overview and Evidence and Gap Map can lay to rest some claims that evidence is mixed regarding the impacts of nicotine e-cigarettes on smoking abstinence.”

Health risks and scientific gaps

Despite the reduction in toxins compared to tobacco, a February 2026 study confirmed that vapers are still exposed to carcinogenic chemicals. Because e-cigarettes are relatively new and constantly changing, long-term health impacts remain both evolving and inconclusive. Furthermore, the Oxford review found that current data regarding serious health complications is still insufficient to draw firm conclusions.

Global concerns and impact on children

The World Health Organization (WHO) remains a vocal critic, arguing that these products are hooking kids on nicotine and undermining years of tobacco control progress. Estimates for 2025 show over 100 million vapors globally, including 15 million children aged 13-15. Ongoing controversies and perceived uncertainties continue to hamper international health policies and individual clinical decisions.