Pakistan's first lunar mission, iCube Qamar, deployed in orbit

iCube Qamar, Pakistan's first-ever lunar mission, has been successfully deployed in orbit, Geo.tv reported on Wednesday, citing Dr Khurram Khurshid.

Dr Khurshid, who is a member of the core team at the Institute of Space Technology (IST), termed the development “a great success overall” informing that the orbiter was deployed on May 8 at 1:14pm PST.

Following its deployment, the satellite will allow imaging of the desired Lunar surfaces in a carefully selected 12-hour elliptical orbit.

The iCube Qamar was launched on board China's Chang'e-6 from Hainan, China, on May 3.

Ahead of the launch of the satellite last week, Dr Khurram said that the Pakistani satellite — carried by China's Long March-5 rocket — will reach the lunar orbit in five days and will circle around the moon for three to six months.

He added that different pictures of the surface of the moon will be taken with the help of satellite after which Pakistan will have its own satellite images of the moon for research.

The satellite was designed and developed by the Islamabad-based Institute of Space Technology (IST) in collaboration with China's Shanghai Jiao Tong University (SJTU) and Pakistan's national space agency Suparco.

iCube Qamar orbiter carries two optical cameras to image the lunar surface. Following successful qualification and testing, the orbiter was integrated with China’s Chang’e6 mission — the sixth in a series of lunar exploration missions.

CubeSats are a class of small satellites used by academic institutes for experimental and research purposes in low Earth orbits, generally with an altitude of less than 1,000 km.

However, these satellites are now finding many applications in higher orbits and deep space missions.

Moon is in an elliptical orbit at an average distance of around 384,400 km from the Earth which makes it challenging to communicate with and control small satellites.

The opportunity to release CubeSat into lunar orbit from the Chang’e-6 mission was offered by the China National Space Agency (CNSA) through the Asia Pacific Space Cooperation Organization (APSCO) to member states.

After a thorough evaluation, Pakistan’s proposal was accepted out of all APSCO member states.

The design, development and qualification of iCube-Q was led by faculty members and students of the IST in collaboration with SJTU and support from Suparco.

iCube Qamar carries two cameras as payload for imaging lunar surface and Earth/moon images from lunar orbit besides having 3-axis altitude control for desired orientation, onboard computer, thermal control, telemetry and telecommand and payload data communication modules for connecting through deep space network.