Anderson were dismissed shortly after the dinner break both off Lyon to end the England innings.
Lyon finished with four for 60 and took over from South Africa´s Kagiso Rabada (54) as the leading wicket-taker in the world this year with 55, while paceman Mitchell Starc claimed three for 49.
Woakes and Craig Overton dug in to put on 66 for the eighth wicket before Woakes fell to a short-pitched Starc delivery spooning a catch back to the bowler for 36. Overton remained unbeaten on 41.
Australia grabbed four wickets in the first session, including key batsmen Joe Root and Alastair Cook.Root shaped to drive Pat Cummins only to send a thick edge to Cameron Bancroft at third slip for just nine.
Root, third in the Test batting rankings, only faced 10 balls while Cook, England’s other big hope, was deceived by Lyon’s flight and edged to Steve Smith at slip for 37 off 90 balls.The former captain, who plundered 766 runs when England won in Australia seven years ago, has scores of two, seven and 37 in his three innings in the current series.
Vince went in the day’s second over to a poor shot, edging Josh Hazlewood outside off-stump to wicketkeeper Tim Paine for two.Dawid Malan was the other wicket to fall off an inside edge caught behind to Cummins for 19.
TOSS: ENGLAND
AUSTRALIA FIRST INNINGS 442-8 declared
ENGLAND FIRST INNINGS (overnight 29-1)
Cook c Smith b Lyon 37
Stoneman lbw b Starc 18
Vince c Paine b Hazlewood 2
Root c Bancroft b Cummins 9
Malan c Paine b Cummins 19
Ali c and b Lyon 25
Bairstow c and b Starc 21
Woakes c and b Starc 36
Overton not out 41
Broad c Paine b Lyon 3
Anderson lbw b Lyon 0
Extras (LB-15, W-1) 16
Total (all out; 76.1 overs) 227
Fall of wickets: 1-29, 2-31, 3-50, 4-80, 5-102, 6-132, 7-142, 8-208, 9-227, 10-227.
BOWLING: Starc 20-4-49-3, Hazlewood 16-3-56-1, Cummins 16-3-47-2 (1w), Lyon 24.1-5-60-4.
AUSTRALIA SECOND INNINGS
Bancroft c Bairstow b Anderson 4
Warner c Root b Woakes 14
Khawaja lbw b Anderson 20
Smith lbw b Woakes 6
Handscomb not out 3
Lyon not out 3
Extras (LB-2, W-1) 3
Total (4 wickets; 26 overs) 53
Fall of wickets: 1-5, 2-39, 3-41, 4-50.
BOWLING: Anderson 11-7-16-2, Broad 7-2-14-0 (1w), Overton 1-0-8-0, Woakes 7-0-13-2.
Match officials: Umpires: Aleem Dar (PAK), C Gaffaney (NZL); TV umpire: Marais Erasmus (RSA); Match referee: Richie Richardson (WIS).